Search for donors of powdery mildew resistance genes among seedless and table grape varieties

Marina Makarkina,Elena Ilnitskaya,Tatiana Kozina,V Likhovskoi,V Volynkin,V Novello,V Kukhar,A.M Jordão

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20213902005

Abstract

Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) is one of the most common and economically significant diseases of grapes. Currently, the main method of controlling the disease is pesticide treatment. Breeding of resistant varieties is necessary to reduce chemical treatments. Currently, a number of grape resistance genes to powdery mildew and DNA markers for identification the allelic status of these genes are known. In a study to determine the presence of resistance loci Ren3 and Ren9, 25 genotypes of table grape varieties were analyzed, including 18 seedless varieties. DNA markers GF15-42, ScORGF15-02 were used to identify Ren3 gene, and CenGen6 – to identify Ren9 gene. DNA of cultivars Regent and Seyve Villard 12-375, which have resistance alleles, were used as positive controls. As a result of DNA marker analysis, it was determined that genotypes of table varieties Viking, Kodryanka, Moldova, Nadezhda AZOS, Original and seedless varieties Pamyati Smirnova, Kishmish Zaporozhskiy and Kishmish 342 carry loci of resistance to powdery mildew Ren3 and Ren9.

Highlights

Table grapes are beneficial for the people, as they are rich in vitamins of groups A, C, D, E, P, K, PP and B, contain minerals, organic acids, etc
Seedless grape varieties play an influential role in the industry, as almost all dried products are made from them [2]
The causative agent of this disease is Erysiphe necator Schwein. – biotrophic ascomycete, which colonizes the epidermal cells of photosynthetic tissues and spreads through subsequent asexual cycles [3]

Summary

Introduction

Table grapes are beneficial for the people, as they are rich in vitamins of groups A, C, D, E, P, K, PP and B, contain minerals, organic acids, etc. Fungal diseases pose a great threat to industrial viticulture, as they can lead to the loss of most of the harvest. One of these diseases is powdery mildew of vines. An important task is to create genetically resistant to powdery mildew table grape varieties, which reduces the pesticide load on vineyards. The best quality characteristics of the harvest are possessed by European grapevines (V. vinifera L.), among this species there are genotypes with tolerance to powdery mildew, but most varieties are susceptible to this disease. Resistance to Erysiphe necator is observed in North American (V. riparia, V. aestivalis, V. rupestris, V. berlandieri, etc.), as well as in Asian (V. romanetii, V. piazezkii, etc.) grape varieties [5, 6]

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