Abstract
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has recently found compelling evidence for a particular blazar producing high-energy neutrinos and PeV cosmic rays, however the sources of cosmic rays above several EeV remain unidentified. It is believed that the same environments that accelerate ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) also produce high-energy neutrinos via hadronic interactions of lower-energy cosmic rays. Two out of three joint analyses of the Ice- Cube Neutrino Observatory, the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array yielded hints for a possible directional correlation of high-energy neutrinos and UHECRs. These hints however became less significant with more data. Recently, an improved analysis with an approach complementary to the other analyses has been developed. This analysis searches for neutrino point sources in the vicinity of UHECRs with search windows estimated from deflections by galactic magnetic fields. We present this new analysis method for searching common hadronic sources, additionally including neutrino data measured by ANTARES in order to increase the sensitivity to possible correlations in the Southern Hemisphere.
Highlights
The origin of cosmic rays is an over century-old puzzle
We present two established methods [3] (A, B), a new method using the complementary high-statistics neutrino dataset (C), and their results for the search for spatial correlations of neutrinos measured by ANTARES (ANT) and IceCube (IC) and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays above 1EeV (UHECRs) measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory (PA) and Telescope Array (TA)
The Pierre-Auger data set consists of 231 UHECR events with reconstructed energies > 52 EeV recorded with the surface detector array between 2004 and 2014
Summary
The origin of cosmic rays is an over century-old puzzle. While we have compelling evidence for an extra-galactic source of sub-PeV neutrinos and PeV cosmic rays (TXS 0506+056 [1]), the sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays above 1EeV (UHECRs) are not yet identified. The exact source positions are difficult to establish due to the deflection of the charged UHECRs in Galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields. This uncertainty adds to the unknown rigidity of the UHECRs. it is useful to combine the UHECR data with the information concerning neutrinos in a multimessenger approach. Only the high-energy neutrinos are definite tracers of the hadronic interactions of cosmic rays. Neutrinos in the TeV to PeV energy range do not originate directly from UHECR interactions, a calorimetric accelerator environment that confines their lower-energy counterparts with energies < 100 PeV can produce neutrinos in the currently accessible energy range [2]. We present two established methods [3] (A, B), a new method using the complementary high-statistics neutrino dataset (C), and their results for the search for spatial correlations of neutrinos measured by ANTARES (ANT) and IceCube (IC) and UHECRs measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory (PA) and Telescope Array (TA)
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