Abstract
Despite the excellent properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), the condensation technique may have some influence in its sealing ability. The purpose of this study was to compare the sealing ability of sonic and ultrasonic setting of MTA. Thirty-four extracted human teeth had their canals prepared and filled with Sealapex sealer and gutta-percha using the active lateral condensation technique. The teeth were rendered waterproof and apicoectomy performed at 3 mm from the apex. Root-end cavities (3.0 mm deep and 1.4 mm diameter) were prepared with diamond ultrasonic tips. The root-end cavities were filled with Pro-Root MTA® with ultrasonic vibration, sonic vibration or no vibration. The positive control group did not receive any material while the negative control group was totally rendered waterproof. After material set, the specimens were immersed in Rodhamine B for 24 h, under vacuum in the first 15 min, then washed, dried and split longitudinally for evaluating the infiltration at the dentin/material interface. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. Sonic vibration promoted the lowest infiltration values (p<0.05). It was concluded that sonic vibration could be considered an efficient aid to improve the sealing ability of MTA when used as root-end filling material.
Highlights
Despite the high success rate obtained with endodontic treatment, failure may occur and an apical surgery is necessary in these cases
Indirect sonic activation of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) resulted in a better sealing ability compared with hand condensation alone or ultrasonic activation
When the endodontic treatment fails, a surgical complementation by apicoectomy and a root-end preparation and filling may be necessary to promote the hermetic sealing of the root canal system
Summary
Despite the high success rate obtained with endodontic treatment, failure may occur and an apical surgery is necessary in these cases. MTA has shown adequate biological properties with formation of mineralized tissue in close contact with the material [3], less apical inflammation and deposition of cementum when compared with amalgam, Super EBA, IRM and ZOE in putty like consistency [4]. Previous studies [3,4] have demonstrated periapical repair and regeneration of the periodontal ligament when MTA is used in endodontic surgery. It has proven biocompatible both in in vitro and in vivo investigations [3,4,5,6,7]
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