Abstract
Marine Ecology Gradual acidification of the world's oceans is driven by the uptake of carbon dioxide. This feature of contemporary climate change has potential consequences for marine life and the functioning of marine ecosystems. Ricart et al. show that acidification can be locally slowed or ameliorated by seagrass meadows, where uptake of carbon dioxide by the plants exceeds that produced by respiration. Along 1000 kilometers of Californian coastal waters and measured over 6 years, pH was elevated in most of the seagrass sites examined compared with adjacent sites. These findings add to the potentially beneficial suite of effects of the presence of seagrasses and macroalgae in coastal waters and indicate possible routes for the management of acidification in these systems. Glob. Change Biol. 27 , 2580 (2021).
Highlights
Biomaterials are regularly implanted throughout the body, and biomaterial structural properties can alter the associated tissue-healing response around the implant. To better understand this process, Hu et al created biomaterial membranes with varied surface topography using electrospinning. When they examined the microenvironment around each membrane at the single-cell level in rodents, the T cell response occurred earlier in the most aligned scaffolds, and the T cells appeared to modulate the overall healing response
The authors were able to program the paths that the walkers follow, demonstrating a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in which a single or multiple quantum walkers coherently traverse two paths before interfering and exiting at a single port
Dislocations can be problematic for the properties of functional oxides and are often avoided as a result
Summary
Many pathogenic bacteria use molecular syringes to translocate proteins called effectors into the host cell to hijack the cellular machinery for their proliferation. Legionella pneumophila, the causative bacteria of Legionnaires’ disease, uses a large effector arsenal and harnesses the host membrane system to establish a specialized vacuole where it replicates. Hsieh et al show that, within this effector arsenal, the phospholipid kinase MavQ and the phosphatase SidP work together and self-organize on the intracellular membrane network of its eukaryotic host to promote membrane remodeling. The interactions between MavQ and SidP constitute positive and negative feedback loops, respectively, that orchestrate their spatiotemporal oscillation during infection. The interactions between MavQ and SidP constitute positive and negative feedback loops, respectively, that orchestrate their spatiotemporal oscillation during infection. —SMH
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