Sea Roughness Trend Measurement using Power Waveforms of GPS Direct and Reflected Signals

Abstract

Sea roughness trend measurement is important to understand the present and future sea state conditions. It can be considered as an advance process of sea surface bulletin and sea weather forecasting. In this research, sea surface roughness trend is measured according to the nature of power waveforms of GPS direct and reflected signals. Remote sensing technique is proposed to generate power waveforms of GPS direct and reflected signals. This technique has been utilizing as an effective technique to understand & determine the sea state monitoring, especially for sea wind estimation, sea wave height measurement, sea roughness measurement and so on. The power waveforms are generated by Z-V scattering model. Mainly, two models are used to perform the whole process. At first, wave spectrum model is used to find sea surface slopes (up & cross variance) and then scattering model is used to generate power waveforms using the up and cross variance. Sea surface roughness trend is determined using the features of the amplitudes of these waveforms. From the analysis, it is obtained that features of power waveforms are sharply different for different ocean surface weather conditions, which means that there is a relationship between amplitude of the waveforms and sea surface weather conditions. This relation is used to measure the sea roughness conditions. The results of this paper are found good performance compared to sea surface wind. The results of this research have also provided the preliminary idea about the sea surface and in future, the idea can help to measure the others ocean parameters.