Sea grapesextract improves blood glucose, total cholesterol, and PGC-1α inrats fed on cholesterol- and fat-enriched diet.

Nindy Sabrina,Nurpudji Astuti Taslim,Piko Satria Augusta,Defny Silvia Wewengkang,Ronald Rompies,Ghafur Rasyid Arifin,Muhammad Rahimi Bahar,Najda Rifqiyati,Mury Kuswari,Keren Esther Kristina Mantik,Happy Kurnia Permatasari,Faisal Maulana Ibrahim,Fahrul Nurkolis,Nelly Mayulu

doi:10.12688/f1000research.54952.2

Abstract

Background:Sea grapes orCaulerparacemosahave a lot of phytochemical content,especially unsaturated fatty acids that are beneficial for health. This study aims to evaluate the effects ofsea grapes extracton blood glucose levels, total cholesterol-, and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1αin male Wistar rats, which were given per-oral (p.o.) cholesterol- and carbohydrates fat-enriched diets (CFED). Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats weighing between 200 - 250 g were used for this study. Animals were randomly distributed into four groups of ten animals each. Group A served as control (received standard dry pellet diet). Rats in group B were fed on CFED for 4 weeks.Groups C and D were fed on CFED and were administered 150 and 450 mg/kg of sea grapes extract (p.o.), respectively. Results: Group C rats indicated a blood glucose reduction and an increase in PGC-1αserum, in comparison to group D (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between group C and D in blood cholesterol reduction (high dose of the extract did not have significant effects) (p=0.222), and both groups had the same effect in lowering total cholesterol in rats. Conclusion:Sea grapes extract is proven to improve blood glucose, total cholesterol, and PGC-1αlevels in rats fed with CFED.

Highlights

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are the amounts of reactive molecules and free radicals derived from oxygen in a molecule (Sies & Jones, 2020)
The Levene's Homogeneity test shows that the p-value for glucose and proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1α are 0.05
The results indicate that blood glucose significantly increased in group B, compared to group A (p < 0.05) (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are the amounts of reactive molecules and free radicals derived from oxygen in a molecule (i.e., superoxide, peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, etc.) (Sies & Jones, 2020). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1α is a transcription coactivator that regulates the genes involved in energy metabolism. It is the main regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis (Liang &Ward, 2006). This study aims to evaluate the effects of sea grapes extract on blood glucose levels, total cholesterol-, and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)1α in male Wistar rats, which were given per-oral (p.o.) cholesteroland carbohydrates fat-enriched diets (CFED). Rats in group B were fed on CFED for 4 weeks. Groups C and D were fed on CFED and were administered 150 and 450 mg/kg of sea grapes extract (p.o.), respectively. Results: Group C rats indicated a blood glucose reduction and an increase in PGC-1α serum, in version 2

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Results