Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Waste Biomass after Harvesting as a Source of Valuable Biologically Active Compounds with Nutraceutical and Antibacterial Potential.

Sarmite Janceva,Galina Telysheva,Anna Ramata-Stunda,Jelena Krasilnikova,Anna Andersone,Gints Rieksts,Lilija Jashina,Liga Lauberte,Natalija Zaharova,Vizma Nikolajeva,Oskars Bikovens,Maris Senkovs

doi:10.3390/plants11050642

Sarmite Janceva, Galina Telysheva + Show 10 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11050642

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Abstract

For sustainable sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berry production, the task at hand is to find an application for the large amount of biomass waste arising at harvesting. Sea buckthorn (SBT) vegetation is currently poorly studied. The purpose of this research was to assess the composition and potential of SBT twigs as a source of valuable biologically active substances. Water and 50% EtOH extracts of twigs of three Latvian SBT cultivars with a high berry yield and quality, popular for cultivation in many countries (H. rhamnoides ‘Maria Bruvele’, ‘Tatiana’, ‘Botanicheskaya Lubitelskaya’), were investigated for the first time. The phytochemical composition (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis) and biological activity of the obtained hydrophilic extracts were determined. The highest yield of polyphenolic compounds and serotonin was observed for ‘Maria Bruvele’. Hydrophilic extracts were investigated for radical scavenging activity (DPPH˙ test), antibacterial/antifungal activity against five pathogenic bacteria/yeast, cytotoxicity, and the enzymatic activity of alpha-amylase (via in vitro testing), which is extremely important for the treatment of people with underweight, wasting, and malabsorption. The results showed a high potential of sea buckthorn biomass as a source of valuable biologically active compounds for the creation of preparations for the food industry, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics.

Highlights

Sea buckthorn (SBT) (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a nitrogen-fixing and pest-resistant deciduous shrub tree which grows widely in Europe and high-altitude cold regions of Asia, and North and South America
For the study of three SBT cultivars (‘Maria Bruvele’; ‘Tatiana’; and ‘Botanicheskaya Lubitelskaya’—‘Bot. Lub.’), 50% EtOH and distilled water were used as extractants for hydrophilic extract isolation, based on their selectivity for polyphenolic compounds, chemical inertness, low toxicity, and low cost
The results of UHPLC-ELS chromatograms showed that the extracts of SBT are rich in polyphenolic compounds, such as quinic acid, PAC monomers and oligomers, which predetermines their radical scavenging activity

Summary

Introduction

SBT (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a nitrogen-fixing and pest-resistant deciduous shrub tree which grows widely in Europe and high-altitude cold regions of Asia, and North and South America. Surviving the extreme temperatures (from −40 to +40 ◦C) [1,2] forces the plant to develop adaptogenic qualities. The global SBT berries export market is valued at USD 2 billion. The top exporter in 2020 was Canada, with USD 0.417 billion and a yearly increase of 13.9% [5]. SBT is cultivated in Russia, China, Canada, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Romania, and Estonia [6]. The overall market of SBT products is ~17 times bigger than just for berries and is constantly growing [7]. The industry uses fruits, but there are almost no applications for the green part of SBT [5], which comprises ~12–15% of the harvested mass [8,9]

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