SD-OCT in evaluation of microstructural changes in macula following blunt ocular trauma

Abstract

Introduction: Visual morbidity due to blunt ocular trauma (BOT) is common but there is paucity of reports on posterior segment manifestations following BOT using Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In this study, an attempt is made to assess the microstructural changes in macula following BOT using SD-OCT. Objectives: To evaluate microstructural changes in macula following blunt ocular trauma. Materials and Methods: A prospective study conducted on 30 patients with BOT of any age and gender attending Ophthalmology outpatient department and casualty at Hospitals attached to JJM Medical College, Davangere. Detailed history of trauma and thorough examination was done. Patients were evaluated for macular changes using SD-OCT at presentation and follow up at 1 and 6 months from trauma. Results: In this study, 19 (63.3%) patients had changes involving the fovea and 11(36.6%) had foveal sparing changes. 14(46.6%) eyes had commotion like changes, 4 (13.3%) eyes developed macular hole, 2(6.6%) eye had choroidal rupture passing through the fovea, 1(3.3%) eye had retinal detachment. 11(36.6%) patients had extrafoveal involvement in the form of choroidal ruptures in 5(16.6%) eyes and significant RPE alterations sparing fovea in 6(20%) eyes. Conclusion: OCT plays a vital role in detecting macular microstructural changes. Thus OCT can be useful in evaluation and management of BOT. Keywords: Blunt ocular trauma, Macular changes, SD-OCT.