Abstract
A river health assessment index system was established, focusing on the realistic needs of county sustainable development and the refined management of small- and medium-sized watersheds. The index system takes into consideration the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the vulnerability characteristics of small- and medium-sized watershed ecosystems and consists of 15 indicators in four areas: clean water, sanitation, the present status of biodiversity and threats to biodiversity. This paper uses the minimum discrimination information principle to construct a dynamic combination-weighting technology composed of a subjective weighting method (document frequency method) and an objective weighting method (entropy weight method). Using the fuzzy matter-element analysis theory, a comprehensive river health assessment technology system was constructed. Baoxing County was chosen as the research area and the results reveal that: (1) Key indicators are the biodiversity index of fish, water use intensity, endemic or indicative species retention, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) emissions. (2) The Euclid approach degree of Baoxing County indicates that the entire river is in a moderate state of health. In the future, towns must take targeted measures to coordinate the relationship between the ecological environment and socio-economic development, and enhancement and releasing must be prioritised.
Highlights
As the source of large rivers, small- and medium-sized watersheds are generally located in mountainous and hilly areas with high altitudes and complex terrain
Based on the shortcomings of the river health assessment index system and evaluation model, and considering human behaviour in combination with the new requirements of sustainable development, this study constructs a river health assessment index system of small- and medium-sized watersheds based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), using Baoxing County as an example, and establishes an evaluation model based on the Euclid approach degree according to fuzzy matter-element analysis theory
Based on the dynamic combination weighting technology composed of the Document Frequency (DF) method and entropy weight method, the biodiversity index of fish, water use intensity, endemic or indicative species retention, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) emissions were identified as the key indicators, each weighted at over 10%
Summary
As the source of large rivers, small- and medium-sized watersheds are generally located in mountainous and hilly areas with high altitudes and complex terrain. Based on the shortcomings of the river health assessment index system and evaluation model, and considering human behaviour in combination with the new requirements of sustainable development, this study constructs a river health assessment index system of small- and medium-sized watersheds based on the SDGs, using Baoxing County as an example, and establishes an evaluation model based on the Euclid approach degree according to fuzzy matter-element analysis theory. Based on the data obtained from the field survey, the value is calculated by the grading assignment method (the full score of 100) This indicator reflects the proportion of the length of the water reducing reach to the total length of the river in the assessment area, the higher the value, the greater the damage to the habitat of aquatic organisms. The higher the value, the more serious the impact on underwater organisms
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