Abstract
Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV) is known to be an etiological agent, causing infections in laboratory rats. Until now, its role has only been considered in studies on respiratory and salivary gland infections. The scant literature data, consisting mainly of papers from the last century, do not sufficiently address the topic of SDAV infections. The ongoing pandemic has demonstrated, once again, the role of the Coronaviridae family as extremely dangerous etiological agents of human zoonoses. The ability of coronaviruses to cross the species barrier and change to hosts commonly found in close proximity to humans highlights the need to characterize SDAV infections. The main host of the infection is the rat, as mentioned above. Rats inhabit large urban agglomerations, carrying a vast epidemic threat. Of the 2277 existing rodent species, 217 are reservoirs for 66 zoonotic diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. This review provides insight into the current state of knowledge of SDAV characteristics and its likely zoonotic potential.
Highlights
Research interest has turned to animals known to be sources of zoonoses, including primates and other companion animals [1]
Experimental studies demonstrated that RCoVs can remain infectious when dried on solid surfaces [22]
Despite many commonalities with zoonotic coronaviruses of the genus Betacoronaviruses, there is a notable lack of interest in rat coronavirus Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV)
Summary
Research interest has turned to animals known to be sources of zoonoses, including primates and other companion animals [1]. The outbreak of the new coronaviral pandemic in 2020 multiplied the quantity of research concerning animals, such as horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus spp.), fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus), bank voles (Myodes glareolus), and raccoons, as well as cats, dogs, ferrets, mink, and other livestock such as pigs and cows. Most of the studies were performed to evaluate if these animals are capable of ACE2 expression, the major SARS-CoV-2 human cell entry receptor [2,3,4,5,6]. The majority of articles have been oriented on bats, but there is a need to focus on rodents, primarily rats. Rodents have been recognized as reservoirs or carriers for several zoonotic viruses, causing, for example, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Omsk hemorrhagic fever, Apoi virus disease, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), Western equine encephalitis, and hepatitis E cowpox [7,8]. In the present review, we will describe the current state of knowledge on Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV), its characteristics and potential zoonotic threat
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