Scrutinization of BVP Midrich Method for Heat Transfer Analysis on Various Geometries in the Presence of Porous Medium and Thermal Radiation

Abstract

The importance of water, copper, and aluminium can have several applications in various industries and everyday life. Their unique properties make them valuable materials for a wide range of purposes. These applications demonstrate how water, copper, and aluminium play vital roles in ensuring the availability, safety, and efficiency of water-related processes and systems. Their specific properties make them suitable for various functions within the water industry, from transportation and heating to treatment and power generation. Based on the importance the current investigation aims to explore the significance of magnetic field and porous medium and Cu–Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid flow through three distinct geometries. The fluid transport equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations by using self-similarity variables. These equations were subsequently solved by using the Maple built in BVP Midrich scheme. The results are presented in a variety of graphical formats, including a two-dimensional plot, contours, and streamlines, this research demonstrates how numerous dynamic variables may alter the transport properties of a fluid in a number of approaches. Throughout all the investigated geometries, the velocity profile exhibits a decreasing nature for increasing the porosity parameter values and temperature profile display an increasing trend for higher values of the thermal radiation parameter. An increase in the heat generation corresponds to a rise in the nanofluid temperature. Similarly, the nanofluid velocity decreases with higher velocity magnetic field parameter values, while the fluid temperature exhibits opposite behavior, increasing with increasing magnetic field parameter values. Compared to nanofluids, hybrid nanofluids have a better heat transfer rate. Hybrid nanofluids are used in a variety of applications due to their excellent thermal properties, so it is used for nuclear reactor cooling, water purification industry, and vehicles.