Scrotal wall leiomyosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature

Zahra Erfani,Seyed Reza Yahyazadeh,Aileen Azari-Yam

doi:10.1186/s13256-021-03076-x

Zahra Erfani, Seyed Reza Yahyazadeh + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-021-03076-x

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Abstract

BackgroundUp to 30% of all scrotal masses are sarcomas. Leiomyosarcoma of the scrotal wall is rare, and its clinical significance and prognosis have not been well defined, since the most reported cases have little or no follow-up.Case presentationWe report a 45-year-old Caucasian man who was admitted with a firm, nontender, mobile scrotal wall mass from 15 months ago. Laboratory data including testicular tumor markers were within normal range, and transscrotal ultrasonography revealed an oval-shaped, hypoechogenic, solid mass with blood flow and well-defined border. Histopathologic examination and immunohistochemistry staining, following surgical excision, were in favor of malignant leiomyosarcoma.ConclusionHere we describe the morphological features and immunohistochemical presentations of the tumor and the patient’s relatively long-term follow-up.

Highlights

Leiomyosarcomas originate from the spermatic cord (48%), testicular tunica (48%), epididymis (2%), and dartos muscle, as well as subcutaneous tissue of scrotal wall (2%)
Scrotal wall leiomyosarcoma not developing from the spermatic cord, epididymis, or testes is exceptional, and its clinical significance and prognosis have not been well defined
We described a rare case of malignant leiomyosarcoma arising from the scrotal wall in a 45-year-old man who was referred with a firm, nontender, mobile scrotal wall mass from 15 months before admission

Summary

Introduction

Up to 30% of all scrotal masses are sarcomas. Soft-tissue sarcomas of the genitourinary tract account for 2.1% of soft-tissue sarcomas in general and only 1–2% of urological malignancies [1]. Conclusion: Here we describe the morphological features and immunohistochemical presentations of the tumor and the patient’s relatively long-term follow-up. The clinical significance and course of leiomyosarcoma of the scrotal wall have not been well defined, since most reported cases have little or no follow-up.

Results

Conclusion