Screws Alone for Acute Lisfranc Injuries Fixed Without Arthrodesis: A Better “Value” Than Plating in the Short Term

Abstract

This study compares outcomes of patients with Lisfranc injuries treated with screw only fixation constructs to those treated with dorsal plate and screw constructs. Seventy patients who underwent surgical treatment for acute Lisfranc injury without arthrodesis and minimum 6-month (mean > 1-year) follow-up were identified. Demographics, surgical information, and radiographic imaging were reviewed. Cost data was compared. The primary outcome measure was the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS) midfoot score. Univariate analysis through independent sample t-tests, Mann-Whitney U, and chi squared compared the populations. Twenty-three (33%) patients were treated with plate constructs and 47 (67%) with screw only fixation. The plate group was older (49±18 vs. 40±16 years, P=0.029). More screw constructs treated isolated medial column injuries compared to plate constructs (92% vs. 65%, P=0.006). At latest follow-up (mean 14±13 months), all tarsometatarsal joints were aligned. There was no difference in AOFAS midfoot scores. Plate patients experienced longer operations (131 ±70 vs. 75±31 minutes, P<0.001) and tourniquet time (101±41 vs. 69±25 minutes, P=0.001). Plate constructs were more expensive than screw ($2.3X±$2.3X vs. $X±$0.4X, P<0.001) ($X is the mean cost of screws alone). Plate patients had a higher incidence of wound complications (13% vs. 0%, P=0.012). Treatment of Lisfranc fracture dislocation injuries with screws only demonstrated a higher value procedure as similar outcomes were found amidst lower implant costs. Screw only fixation required a shorter operative and tourniquet time with less frequent wound complications. Screw only fixations proved mechanically sound enough to achieve goals of repair without inferior outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.