Abstract
A transparent and flexible film heater was fabricated; based on a hybrid structure of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and silver nanowires (Ag NWs) using a screen printing; which is a scalable production technology. The resulting film integrates the advantages of the two conductive materials; easy film-forming and strong adhesion to the substrate of the polymer PEDOT:PSS; and high conductivity of the Ag NWs. The fabricated composite films with different NW densities exhibited the transmittance within the range from 82.3% to 74.1% at 550 nm. By applying 40 V potential on the films; a stable temperature from 49 °C to 99 °C was generated within 30 s to 50 s. However; the surface temperature of the pristine PEDOT:PSS film did not increase compared to the room temperature. The composite film with the transmittance of 74.1% could be heated to the temperatures from 41 °C to 99 °C at the driven voltages from 15 V to 40 V; indicating that the film heater exhibited uniform heating and rapid thermal response. Therefore; the PEDOT:PSS/Ag NW composite film is a promising candidate for the application of the transparent and large-scale film heaters.
Highlights
Transparent film heaters are widely used in defogging vehicle windows, heating outdoor displays, or thermal therapies [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The most common transparent-heater is represented by indium tin oxide (ITO) [7]
The polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate was adsorbed on the nest by mechanical pump, and the cleaned printing mesh was adjusted to maintain an appropriate distance of 2 mm with the FollowingFollowing this, a PEDOT:PSS/Ag wasink dropped onto the mask, and the squeegee quickly substrate
Summary
Transparent film heaters are widely used in defogging vehicle windows, heating outdoor displays, or thermal therapies [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS can be fabricated as a uniform film, but its conductivity usually requires further improvement by chemical modifications to achieve a high-performance heater [8,19,20]. Among these materials, the film heater using the metal nanowires has shown excellent optoelectronic and heating performance. To represent the advantages of various emerging-materials, two conductive structures are usually hybridized to fabricate the film heater with high performance. This reveals the promising application in the large-area, transparent and flexible film heater
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