SCREENING OF THYROID FUNCTION IN EARLY PREGNANCY AND ITS MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOME

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy influences thyroid function in multiple ways; Hypothyroidism leads to miscarriage, preterm delivery, eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, placental abruption, increased risk of low birth weight, reduced IQ in infants. Maternal hyperthyroidism is less common, affecting approximately 2 of 1000 the adverse include fetal loss, fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and preterm delivery. The present study is been undertaken to know the prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnant women and to know the obstetric and fetal outcomes of those pregnant women suffering from thyroid disorders METHOD: It’s a Prospective and observational study, A period 18 months from October 2013 to April 2015. Done at KVG Medical College and Hospital, Sullia, the sample size was 200 antenatal women attending the antenatal clinic in their first trimester irrespective of age and parity was included in the study. All the patients <12 Weeks Gestation, Singelton Pregnancy, Primigravida / Multigravida, were included in the study and Multifetal gestation, Pregnancy with vesicular mole and ectopic Pregnancy, known case of Diabetes and HTN, thyroid disorder and who deliver in other hospitals were excluded. RESULT: In our study the prevalence of thyroid disorders in our study was 14.5%, Subclinical hypothyroidism was associated with complications like Pre Eclampsia (7.7%) , Abruptio Placenta (1.06%), Pre term delivery (2.5%), Abortion (2%), Low Birth weight (13.6%). Overt hypothyroidism was associated with complications like Pre Eclampsia (23%) , Abruptio Placenta (20%), Pre term delivery (8.33%), Abortion (25%), Low Birth weight (2.7%), Subclinical hyperthyroidism was associated with complications like Pre Eclampsia (7.7%) , Pre term delivery (16.7%), Abortion (8.3%). Overt hyperthyroidism was associated with complications like Abortion (16.7%). CONCLUSION: Ideally screening should be carried out during pre pregnancy, or as soon as pregnancy is confirmed and universal screening should be a part of our screening protocols so that all thyroid disorders are screened and treated at the earliest.