Screening of Selected Garlic Varieties Against White Rot Disease Caused by &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Sclerotium cepivorum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; at Dhaka City of Bangladesh

Fatema Begum,Umme Habiba Akter,Md Mozidul Islam,Md Rafiqul Islam,Mst Rehena Khatun

doi:10.11648/j.ajpb.20210603.13

Abstract

White rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum fungus is a crucial soil borne disease on garlic damaging allium production globally including Bangladesh. In this study eight isolates of Sclerotium cepivorum were isolated from naturally infected garlic plants collected from the central farm and isolated in the central lab of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to determine the prevalence of white rot disease incidence and severity and characterized for cultural and morphological variabilities of the isolated pathogen. Eight garlic varieties viz. BAU Rashun-1, BAU Rashun-2, BARI Rashun-1, BARI Rashun-2, BARI Rashun-3, BARI Rashun-4, Local Deshi and Local Indian were explored with three replication in the study. Results showed that the highest disease incidence and severity against white rot disease (33.33% and 89.33%) were appeared in the BARI Rashun-3 variety. Lowest disease incidence and severity (5.00% and 60%) were recorded on Local Indian variety. Almost all of the isolates had cottony fluffy growth on potato dextrose agar. The colony color varied from milky white to cottony watery white with regular, circular, smooth, cotton like sometimes striped surface texture was found. After 10 days of incubation all the isolates had suppressed growth on PDA media as it is a fast growing pathogen.

Highlights

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an annual tuberous spice of the Alliaceae family next to onion that is inherent to Central and South Asia
Among pathogenic agents soil borne fungal pathogen Sclerotium cepivorum causes disease known as garlic white rot is a drastic yield reducing disease which prevalent in many Allium growing regions around the world [2,3,4,5,6]
A field experiment were conducted during the Rabi season of 2019-2020 at the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University and in the central Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh (23°41′N latitude and 90°22′E longitudes at the elevation of 8.6 m above the sea level, AEZ-28) on eight different varieties of garlic with three replications consists of 24 unit plots in Randomized complete block design (RCBD)

Summary

Introduction

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an annual tuberous spice of the Alliaceae family next to onion that is inherent to Central and South Asia. For thousands of years garlic has been used as a functional food, spice and seasoning herb, as well as an effective, traditional medicine against different ailments including viral diseases. The highest garlic production countries in the world have been reported are China, India, South Korea, Egypt and USA [1]. In spite of being a medicinal plant, garlic is attacked by various pathogenic agents that caused heavy economic losses to the crops. Among pathogenic agents soil borne fungal pathogen Sclerotium cepivorum causes disease known as garlic white rot is a drastic yield reducing disease which prevalent in many Allium growing regions around the world [2,3,4,5,6]. The disease was first noticed in 1929 in Egypt [7] and spread globally all over the world viz. Brazil [8], Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom [9], Australia [10, 11], Canada [12], New Zealand [13], USA [14], Mexico [15], Iran [2] and Argentina [16]

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