Abstract
As one of the most common abiotic stresses, salt stress seriously impairs crop yield. Brachypodium distachyon (L.) Beauv. is a model species for studying wheat and other grasses. In the present investigation, the physiological responses of B. distachyon treated with different concentrations of NaCl for 24 h were measured. Therefore, the control and the seedlings of B. distachyon treated with 200 mM NaCl for 24 h were selected for transcriptome analysis. Transcriptome differential analysis showed that a total of 4116 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognized, including 3120 upregulated and 996 downregulated ones. GO enrichment assay indicated that some subsets of genes related to the active oxygen scavenging system, osmoregulatory substance metabolism, and abscisic-acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure were significantly upregulated under salt stress. The MapMan analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were dramatically enriched in wax metabolic pathways. The expressions of transcription factor (TF) family members such as MYB, bHLH, and AP2/ERF were increased under salt stress, regulating the response of plants to salt stress. Collectively, these findings provided valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the responses of grass crops to salt stress.
Highlights
Soil salinity has become a worldwide concern in recent years, limiting land application and crop yield
In addition to the active oxygen scavenging system, production of osmoregulatory substances and regulation of plant hormone signals could alleviate the damage induced by salt stress
We conducted a transcriptome analysis on short-term acclimation to salt stress (200 mM NaCl for 24 h), and the mechanisms underlying the salt stress response in B. distachyon were revealed
Summary
Soil salinity has become a worldwide concern in recent years, limiting land application and crop yield. It has been estimated that about 20% of the irrigated farmlands in the world are subjected to salt stress. The halophytes have evolved a variety of molecular, physiological, and biochemical mechanisms to adapt to salt stress, and people have made efforts to understand the mechanism underlying the salt tolerance of halophytes [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Salt stress usually triggers ion/oxidative damage and water deficiency, which has various impacts on plant development and leads to the upregulation of genes associated with salt stress [8]. High salt stress can trigger ion toxicity, reactive oxygen accumulation, and osmotic shock [8]. Under NaCl stress, a large amount of Na+ floods into the cell; the Na+ signal induces the downstream
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