Screening of Plant Pollen Sources, Polyphenolic Compounds, Fatty Acids and Antioxidant/Antimicrobial Activity from Bee Pollen.

Yusuf Can Gercek,Sinan Bayram,Saffet Celik

doi:10.3390/molecules27010117

Yusuf Can Gercek, Sinan Bayram + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010117

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Abstract

In this study, the botanical origin, total flavonoid and phenolic content, antioxidant activity, phenolic profile and fatty acid composition of mixed bee pollen loads collected in Bayburt, Turkey, were determined. In addition to these assays, antibacterial activity of bee-collected pollen extract (BCPE) against a variety of food-borne pathogenic bacteria was determined in vitro. Pollen loads were classified into five botanical families based on their color: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Campanulaceae, Cistaceae and Rosaceae. Total flavonoid, total phenolic, CUPRAC and CERAC concentrations were 173.52 mg GAE/g, 79.21 mg QE/g, 85.59 mg Trolox/g and 118.13 mg Trolox/g, respectively. Twenty-three phenolic compounds were scanned in bee pollen extract by LC-MS/MS, with rutin being the most abundant. Cis-4,7,10,13,16,19 docosahexaenoic acid was the predominant fatty acid, followed by cis-11-eicosenoic acid, palmitic acid, and alfa linolenic acid. In addition, the agar well diffusion (AWD) and micro-broth dilution methods were used to determine of the antibacterial activity of the BCPE sample. MIC values were observed to vary between 2.5–5 mg/mL for Gram-positive bacteria and 5–10 mg/mL for Gram-negative bacteria. These findings indicate that bee pollen could be a potential source of antioxidants and antimicrobials.

Highlights

In recent years, as the global population has increased, the global demand for nutrition has increased as well
Almeida-Muradian et al [13] revealed that pollens from the Arecaceae, Asteraceae and Myrtaceae families are abundant in bee pollen
To reveal the quality and physicochemical properties of the bee pollen products is of great importance for standardization studies

Summary

Introduction

As the global population has increased, the global demand for nutrition has increased as well. Numerous natural products, including bee products, have established a presence on market shelves and have begun to garner consumer interest. The bee products include honey, bee pollen, bee bread, royal jelly, beeswax, bee venom, apilarnil and beeswax [3]. One of these products, bee pollen, is collected from plant flowers by the honey bee. The collected flower pollen is accumulated as corbicular pellets in the pollen baskets located on the hind legs of the honey bee, and bee pollen is formed [4]. Bee pollen is classified in two groups according to its flower source: monofloral (the major taxon needs to be not less than 80%) and polyfloral (which contains pollen from more than one plant taxon) [4]

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