Abstract
A simple, efficient and quick salting-out based centrifugeless dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) has been successfully developed for the determination of selected parabens in environmental water samples. Herein, following the dispersion of the extracting solvent (1-undecanol) whose melting point is near the room temperature into the sample solution, the cloudy mixture is passed through a test tube filled with sodium chloride, acting as separating agent based on salting-out phenomenon. By immersing the tube inside an ice bath, the fine droplets of the extraction solvent are solidified, easily collected and after returning to the liquid state, injected into HPLC-UV. The values of the detection limit were in the range of 2.5-5.0 µg L-1 while the intra-day (n = 7) and inter-day (n = 9, within three days) precision were below 3.7 and 4.7%, respectively. A satisfactory linearity (0.997 ≥ r2 ≥ 0.996) and quite a broad linear range (5.0-250 µg L-1) were achieved. The relative errors as the accuracy were less than 6.4% in all experiments. The method was eventually employed for the preconcentration and determination of the analytes in various natural water samples and acceptable results were achieved.
Highlights
Parabens (PBs) are well-known synthetic chemicals that are widely applied as antimicrobial preservatives in food, cosmetics, personal care, and pharmaceutical products due to their low cost, water solubility, and high stability.[1]
All the quantifications were performed in the average of three replicate measurements
Blank samples were run to confirm the absence of any interference
Summary
Parabens (PBs) are well-known synthetic chemicals that are widely applied as antimicrobial preservatives in food, cosmetics, personal care, and pharmaceutical products due to their low cost, water solubility, and high stability.[1] Despite the low toxicity, they pose a potential health risk to human and wildlife in the long term on account of their estrogenic activities.[2] The adverse effects comprise disruption to the endocrine system, female breast cancer, irritant contact dermatitis and the development of malignant melanomas.[3,4] There is a notable concern, regarding the ubiquitous use in terms of the possible environmental impacts of PBs.[5,6] The chemicals may enter the aquatic environment through numerous pathways including discharge of effluents from industries and wastewater treatment plants.[7,8] by raising public attention over the environment, screening of the organic compounds has been considered a substantial issue. The particular methods require either a large amount of sample and organic solvents while they are considered as labor-intensive, time-consuming and costly procedures
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
