Abstract
Drought stress is one of the major agronomic concerns that lead towards a sharp decline in sugarcane yield. An urgent demand to overcome drought is critical to ensure sugarcane production. Mutation breeding is one of the promising tools available to produce stress-resistant plants, with the induction of new alleles due to point mutation within existing sugarcane germplasm. The current study was directed to chemically mutagenize the calli of two sugarcane cultivars (ROC22 and FN39) via 0.1% EMS, with focus on inducing mutations in their genome. The 1644 regenerated plants of ROC22 and 1398 of FN39 were exposed to 28% PEG-6000 stimulated osmotic stress. Eighteen plants of ROC22 and 2 plants of FN39, that survived after in vitro osmotic stress treatment, were then subjected to preliminary greenhouse pot trials to confirm drought tolerance by analyzing them using various physiological parameters, including photosystem II (PSII) photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), leaf chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rate. The genetic diversity among drought-resistant mutant lines was further assessed by 15 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers amplification and CEL (Celery) I endonuclease digestion, to investigate the mutated sites. Mutant lines of ROC22 (i.e., MR22-15 and MR22-20) were found to be promising for future drought resistance breeding, due to better physiological adaptation under drought stress.
Highlights
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the most promising crop for renewable energy [1]and sugar
Sugarcane tips with sheath were rinsed with 95% ethanol, followed by aseptic isolation of basal part of the inner leaf roll from the explant, which were sliced into approximately 3–5 mm thick discs and cultured on Murashige and Skoog Medium (MS) supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Determination of the right dose of Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and calli processing time is critical for mutagenic treatment
Summary
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the most promising crop for renewable energy [1]and sugar. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the most promising crop for renewable energy [1]. Sugarcane contributes to 75% of the total sugar production, with 90% occurring in. To suboptimal or limiting environmental conditions during the growing season, causes a drastic reduction in cane yield, and sugar content [4]. Drought is a major factor which negatively affects the tillering and main growth phases which, in turn, causes a severe reduction in annual cane yield and sucrose content [5,6]. Sugarcane is commonly cultivated in hot plain areas, so growers of sugarcane cannot avoid annual drought seasons, due to the cane maturation period extending across 12 to 18 months [1].
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