Abstract
Cucumber fusarium wilt is a soil-borne disease which causes serious production decrease in cucumber cultivation world widely. Extensive using of chemical pesticides has caused serious environmental pollution and economic losses, therefore, it is particularly urgent to develop efficient, safe and pollution-free biopesticide. In this study, a mutant strain of Trichoderma harzianum cultivated in moso bamboo medium was proved to be an efficient bio-inhibitor of the disease. The mutant strain T. harzianum T334, was obtained by three microwave mutagenesis cycles with an irradiation power of 600 W and irradiation time of 40 s. In contrast to the original strain, the inhibition rate on cucumber fusarium wilt of the strain T334 increased from 63 to 78%. In this work, disk milling pretreatment of moso bamboo has shown significant beneficial effects on both biotransformation and sporulation of T334. Its sporulation reached 3.7 × 109 cfu/g in mushroom bags with 90% bamboo stem powder (pretreated by disk milli), 9.5% bamboo leaf powder and 0.5% wheat bran when the ratio of solid to liquid was 4:6, the inoculum amount was 10%, and the culture temperature was 28°C. These results provide an alternative bioinhibitor for the control of cucumber fusarium wilt, and a potential usage of moso bamboo in the production of microbial pesticide.
Highlights
Cucumber fusarium wilt (Jia et al, 2015) is one of the most difficult diseases to control in cucumber cultivation
Mutagenic Effects of T. harzianum by Microwave Irradiation Existing studies have shown that microwave irradiation can cause damage or weakening of hydrogen bonding and base stacking chemical forces of microbial DNA molecules and change the three-dimensional structure of DNA, which leads to the occurrence of mutations (Mazinani et al, 2017)
An improved biocontrol agent T. harzianum T334 was obtained by microwave mutagenesis
Summary
Cucumber fusarium wilt (Jia et al, 2015) is one of the most difficult diseases to control in cucumber cultivation. It is world widely known as “plant cancer,” which is a systemic disease transmitted by soil and invades the root or root neck (Gao et al, 2020). The prevention and control techniques for Cucumber fusarium wilt mainly include selection of diseaseresistant varieties, avoidance of continuous cropping, grafting and application of chemical pesticides. The resistance of pathogens increases year by year, which has resulted in a high incidence rate of the disease and difficulty in its prevention (Jia et al, 2015). It is urgent to develop high-efficiency, safe and pollution-free green biological pesticides (Cao et al, 2011)
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