Abstract
This experiment aimed to screen some cellulose- and lignin-degrading fungal species for improving nutritive quality of ruminant feed. Fungal species used wereGanoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, andTrametes visicolor. These fungal species were grown on Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium that added with 0.5 g substrate, i.e. either rice straw, rice bran or carboxymethyl cellulose for 12 days at room temperature. Harvesting was performed in order to separate fungal mycelium and supernatant that contained crude cellulase enzyme. Among the fungi observed,Ganoderma lucidumhad the highest cellulase activity, i.e. 4.02 U/mg. Cellulase activities ofPleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, andTrametes visicolorwere 1.53, 1.08, and 0.13 U/mg, respectively.Ganoderma lucidumwas further investigated for its ligninolytic enzyme activity, i.e. laccase and manganese peroxidase. It was observed that the fungi had laccase and manganese peroxidase activities of 368.95 and 33.89 U/mL, respectively. Crude enzymes ofGanoderma lucidumthat contain cellulase, laccase and manganese peroxidase were further used to increase nutritive quality of rice straw and subjected to in vitro incubation with rumen fluid of cattle.
Highlights
Forage feed is the main source of food ingredients from ruminant livestock to serve as a basic necessity in optimizing productivity
Indonesia which is known as mega-biodiversity, it is necessary to do research to find microbes such as white-rot fungi that degrades cellulose and lignin on rice straw
The results of the cellulase activity test showed that Ganoderma lucidum isolate had the highest activity of 4.02 U/mg compared with the other isolates
Summary
Forage feed is the main source of food ingredients from ruminant livestock to serve as a basic necessity in optimizing productivity. The alternative to fulfill the needs of livestock feed is by utilizing agricultural and plantation wastes, especially rice straw waste, which is available in abundance during peasant harvest season. The most appropriate and safe method is by biological means by utilizing white-rot fungi capable of producing lignocellulosic enzymes (Lip, MnP and Lacc) [4]. Several researchers have conducted studies using white-rot fungi from basidomicota class to degrade lignocellulose in rice straw research but this was not comprehensively researched [5]. Indonesia which is known as mega-biodiversity, it is necessary to do research to find microbes such as white-rot fungi that degrades cellulose and lignin on rice straw. This study aims to screening white-rot fungi of celluloseand lignin-degrading fungi for improving nutritive quality of ruminant feed on agricultural substrate
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