Abstract
Walnut blight caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) is the most important bacterial disease in walnut production worldwide. To seek biocontrol agents against Xaj, we screened 152 endophytic bacteria isolated from 87 plants. Through dual-culture method screening, we obtained four antagonistic bacteria, ATE17, BME17, CIE17, and OFE17 which were isolated from Amaranthus tricolor, Bambusa multiplex, Canna indica, and Osmanthus fragrans plants respectively. The inhibition ratios of ATE18, BME17, CIE18, and OFE17 against Xaj on plates were 1.5, 1.6, 1.3, and 1.6, respectively. These indicated they have good biocontrol potential for walnut bacterial blight. Subsequently, the four endophytic bacteria were identified by morphology, Gram staining, Microbial Identification System (fatty acid methyl ester analysis), as well as 16S rDNA and gyrB sequencing. It turns out that all four strains were identified as Bacillus sp. Furthermore, the two strains BME17 and OFE17 can suppress multiple plant fungal pathogens and bacterial pathogens on plates.
Highlights
English walnut or Persian walnut (Juglans regia L) belongs to the Juglandaceae family Juglans genus
Walnut blight caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) is the most important bacterial disease in walnut production worldwide
To seek biocontrol agents against Xaj, we screened 152 endophytic bacteria isolated from 87 plants
Summary
English walnut or Persian walnut (Juglans regia L) belongs to the Juglandaceae family Juglans genus. It is an important edible nut, wood oil crop, and valuable timber tree species[1]. Walnut kernels are composed largely of polyunsaturated fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid, which gives them antiatherogenic properties and brain health benefits. Walnut oil may even serve as a helpful natural remedy for hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes[2]. Walnuts have both nutritional and medicinal benefits[3]. Walnuts are widely spread both natively and commercially in Europe, Asia, and part of the United States[4]
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