Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a significant role for mine tailing rehabilitation due to their sensitivity towards a range of soil pollutants. This beneficial biological agent can enhance plant tolerance to heavy metal contamination. This study screened indigenous AMF associated with growing indigenous ferns and grasses in the mine tailings for potential use in rehabilitating a 3-decade abandoned mined out area in Mogpog, Marinduque. Pterocarpus indicus Willd. (narra) was used as the host plant to establish mycorrhizal fungi association. Among the treatments, indigenous AMF associated with Ferns 1, 2 and 5 generally improved the height and shoot diameter of the narra seedlings and the effect was comparable with commercially available AMF inoculants, MYKOVAM® and MYKORICH®. The dry weight of the roots and nodules was consistently improved by indigenous AMF from Fern2 and Grass1, which had comparable effect with MYKOVAM® and MYKORICH®. Overall, the total seedling dry matter of narra seedlings was significantly stimulated by AMF, irrespective of isolates’ origin. The mycorrhizal root infection by AMF and number of spores in the soil were all high as compared with the uninoculated control counterpart. Lastly, AMF inoculation induced Cu retention in the roots of the seedlings. Thus the results imply that, the mined out indigenous AMF are potential agents to rehabilitate the abandoned mine tailings in the Philippines.
Highlights
Bioremediation is a waste management process that potentially neutralize or remove pollutants from a contaminated site (Ritter and Scarborough 1995)
There were twelve treatments: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from five ferns and four grasses thriving in the mine tailing area
Based on the height and shoot diameter increase per month, indigenous AMF associated with Ferns 1, 2, and 5 had showed a best effect, which was comparable with the effect of the commercially available MYKOVAM® and MYKORICH®
Summary
Bioremediation is a waste management process that potentially neutralize or remove pollutants from a contaminated site (Ritter and Scarborough 1995). Immobilization of heavy metals through bioremediation can be useful in rehabilitating contaminated soils (Wuana and Okieimen 2011; Mahmoud and El-Kader 2015). This strategy is promising because it uses naturally occurring microorganisms and can alleviate various waste products, which are necessary to reduce the metalcontamination associated risks, make the land resource available for agricultural production, enhance food security, and scale down land tenure problems (Wuana and Okieimen 2011). The tailings are harmful to indigenous plants and animal species and even human life once they reached the water supply system (Bleeker et al 2002)
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