Abstract
Purpose:To explore the feasibility and repeatability of a novel glasses-free display combined with random-dot stimulus and eye-tracking technology for screening stereopsis in adults.Methods:A total of 74 patients aged 18–44 years were recruited in this study (male: female, 32:42), including 33 patients with high myopia [≤ -6.0 diopters (D)] and 41 patients with moderate-to-low myopia (>-6.0 D). Stereopsis was measured using glasses-free, polarized, and Titmus stereotests. All patients completed a visual fatigue questionnaire after the polarized stereotest and glasses-free test. Kendall's W and Cohen's Kappa tests were used to evaluate repeatability and consistency of the glasses-free stereotest.Results:The stereotest results using the glasses-free monitor showed strong repeatability in the three consecutive tests (W = 0.968, P < 0.01) and good consistency with the polarized stereotest and Titmus test results (vs. polarization: Kappa = 0.910, P < 0.001; vs. Titmus: Kappa = 0.493, P < 0.001). Stereopsis levels of the high myopia group were significantly poorer than those of the moderate-to-low myopia group in three stereotest monitors (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in visual fatigue level between the polarized and the glasses-free display test (P = 0.72). Compared with the polarized test, 56.76% of patients preferred the glasses-free display and found it more comfortable, 20.27% reported both tests to be acceptable.Conclusions:In our adult patients, the new eye-tracking glasses-free display system feasibly screened stereopsis with good repeatability, consistency, and patient acceptance.
Highlights
Stereopsis is a higher level of binocular function than simultaneous perception and fusion
We explored the repeatability and consistency of the glasses-free display system applied in myopic adults for stereopsis evaluation without auxiliary glasses, providing a new perspective for clinical stereopsis screening
There was no significant difference between HM group and M-LM group in sex, age and visual fatigue scores
Summary
Stereopsis is a higher level of binocular function than simultaneous perception and fusion It is a rigorous binocular function, as it relies on normal eye alignment and good vision in each eye [1]. The common methods for evaluating near stereopsis are Titmus [4] (Stereo Optical Company, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA), TNO [5] (Lameris Ootech BV, Ede, Netherlands), and Frisby [6] (Stereotest Ltd., Sheffield, UK). Most of these use printed cards or anaglyphs, and the results are relatively simple, easy to remember, and less reliable [7]. The inherent monocular clues facilitate guessing [8] and increase the false positive rate
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