Screening for pharmacological chaperones in Fabry disease

Abstract

As a prerequisite for clinical trials of pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT) for Fabry disease, we developed a rapid screening assay for enhancement of endogenous α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) in patient-derived cells. We used a T-cell based system to screen 11 mutations causing Fabry disease for enhanceability using 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin (DGJ). When patient-derived T-cells were grown in the presence of DGJ, α-Gal A activity increased to more than 50% of normal in several mutations but was unaffected in others. In addition to the mutation R301Q, reported previously, A97V, R112H, R112C, A143T, and L300P were enhanceable, but R356W, G132R, A143P, R220X, and 30delG were not. The level of α-Gal A activity achieved provides a basis for the therapeutic trial of DGJ in patients with similarly enhanceable enzyme. This assay method has general utility in other disorders in assessing the degree of enhancement of activity of mutated proteins by PCT.