Abstract
Methods: Five hundred unselected people participated. All completed a demographic questionnaire regarding risk factors for diabetes. In those without known diabetes, random capillary blood glucose (CBG) was measured. If this was greater than 7.0mmol/L, patients were asked to return for two fasting blood glucose tests. Diagnosis of diabetes was based on World Health Organization criteria. Results: Of the 500 participants 73 were already known to have Type 2 diabetes. Of the remaining 427 subjects, 36 had CBG> 7.0mmol/L. All 36 returned for fasting blood tests. Thirteen fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for Type 2 diabetes, 8 for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and 15 had normal fasting values. The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes was therefore 17.2%, including 2.6% with a new diagnosis and 14.6% with a pre existing disease.1.6% were found to have IFG. Conclusion: It can be estimated from this study that annually, this case-finding methodology could identify 539 (95% CI 249—828) people aged 40 years and over attending our emergency department with previously undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes. It therefore suggests that screening for Type 2 diabetes in the ED is a worthwhile and feasible venture.
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