Screening for Asymptomatic Urine Abnormalities among Primary School Children in Qallin City of Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate,Egypt

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease is cause of death and disability. Urine dipstick is a simple, non-invasive cost effective method with high ability to detect urine abnormalities in earlier stages for proper management and prevention. Objectives: 1-To assess prevalence of urine abnormalities. 2- To compare positive results of urine dipstick test with microscopic examination of urine.Methods: A sample of 320 students was randomly selected from two primary schools in Qallin city in Kafr El- sheikh governorate by simple random sampling technique. Students were assessed through a predesigned questionnaire to determine socioeconomic status of studied group. Urine dipstick was performed for each studied child to examine the morning urine sample. Another urine sample was taken from children who had abnormal urine dipstick results for complete microscopic urine analysis. Results: There was 15% from all the studied children having urine abnormalities during screening by dipstick test. The most prevalent abnormalities were hematuria, lecocyturia, nituria and lastly proteinuria 9.7%, 7.5%, 2.2% and 0.9% respectively. The most common abnormality in microscopic urine examination was crystaluria. Cases were +ve for urinary tract infection by dipstick confirmed by 67% were +ve for pus by microscopic analysis, while 9.6% of cases who were +ve for hematuria by dipstick screening confirmed by 100% +ve for blood by microscopic analysis.Conclusion: Prevalence of urine abnormalities was 15% among studied group. The most prevalent abnormalities were hematuria in dipstick test and crystalluria in microscopic examination.