Abstract
The present study was aimed at exploring 37 strains of cyanobacteria for the biofabrication of TiO2 NP and evaluation of their antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial and hemolytic activity. Screening of cyanobacterial strains was done via SEM, followed by optimisation and characterisation of the best strain. Synechocystis NCCU-370 appeared as the best strain for the synthesis of TiO2 NP in terms of size (73.39nm) and time (24h) after screening. Following optimisation, nanoparticles were synthesised in 12h having an average grain size of 16nm. The aqueous extract preparation required heating of 5mg/ml of powdered biomass to 60°C for 10min. Optimum conditions for the synthesis of TiO2 NP were found to be pH 7, 30°C and 12-h cell extract exposure to 0.1mM of salt. Antioxidant activity was evaluated via DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assay. Antifungal potential was explored against Candida albicans (MIC = 125µg/ml), Candida glabrata (MIC = 500µg/ml) and Candida tropicalis (MIC = 250µg/ml), whereas antibacterial potential was gauged for Bacillus cereus (MIC = 31.25µg/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC = 31.25µg/ml) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC = 500µg/ml) strains. Biogenic TiO2 NP demonstrated partial synergistic effect and excellent biocompatibility.
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