Abstract
Article history: Received on: 21/07/2015 Revised on: 12/08/2015 Accepted on: 05/09/2015 Available online: 28/10/2015 Natural fibrinolytic enzymes have been focused recently when compared to chemically synthesize thrombolytic drugs as they are more economical and believe to have less adverse reaction. Belacan (shrimp paste), Budu (fish sauce) and Cencaluk (shrimp sauce) were traditional fermented Malay seafood products used as sources for this study. The isolation and screening resulted in the discovery of 43 potential isolates with the ability as an extracellular fibrin degrader. Each isolate were unique due to differences in morphology characteristics and the amounts of fibrinolytic enzyme secretes under standard growth condition. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that some strains posses the ability to act as tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) which in deed has beneficial to many medicinal and therapeutic purposes. Of these 43 strains investigated for the fibrinolytic enzyme production, three species, mainly the best producer from each food sample were chosen for further molecular identification. This lead to the discovery of B. cereus 13BN, B. subtilis 2CN and B. subtilis 9BD strains, which posses both high fibrinolytic and t-PA activities, making it extremely valuable and promising producer.
Highlights
The first fundamental problem occurs when fibrin which plays a vital role in health and healing, has the tendency for an overzealous propensity to form inappropriate clots in the body
Based on the colonial and cellular morphologies, 43 bacterial strains with extracellular protease and fibrinolytic activities were successfully isolated from the three typical Malaysian fermented foods and listed in Table 1.21 strains were isolated from Belacan, 15 isolates were from Budu and the 6 were from Cencaluk
16S rRNA IDENTIFICATIONOF 13BN, 2CN AND 9BD Threeenzyme producer, 13BN, 2CN and 9BD strains were chosen as the most promising and potential candidates as an alternative for current chemical anticoagulants. They were categorized as fast grower, gram-positive, rod shaped bacteria (Figure 4) and contained plasminogen activating, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) potential
Summary
The first fundamental problem occurs when fibrin which plays a vital role in health and healing, has the tendency for an overzealous propensity to form inappropriate clots in the body. A balance tipped in favor of fibrin overproductions lead to dangerous clotting popularly known as thrombosis, and leading to a major risk factor for chronic diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke, a types of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). These CVDs can be prevented and treated, an increasing number of the new arising cases and deaths worldwide each year is of very big concern. Zakaria et al / Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 5 (10); 2015: 022-031 These enzymes are used as anticoagulant, oncolytics, thrombolytics, anti-inflammatories, mucolytics, antimicrobials and digestive aids (Kotb, 2012). The inability of plant and animal serine proteases to meet current world demands has led to an increased interest in microbial proteases
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