Abstract
To improve the understanding of the enriched functions of proteins and to identify potential biomarkers in human breast cancer, the present study constructed a differentially expressed protein profile by screening immunohistochemistry maps of human breast cancer proteins. A total of 1,688 proteins were found to be differentially expressed in human breast cancer, including 773 upregulated and 915 downregulated proteins. Of these proteins, secreted and membrane proteins were screened and clustered, and more enriched biological functions and pathways were presented in the upregulated protein profiles. Furthermore, altered serum levels of peroxiredoxin (PRDX)2, PRDX6, cathepsin (CTS)B and CTSD were detected by ELISA assay. The present study provides a novel global mapping of potential breast cancer biomarkers that could be used as background to identify the altered pathways in human breast cancer, as well as potential cancer targets.
Highlights
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among females worldwide, as well as a leading cause of mortality
The human breast cancer protein profile was constructed by screening the Human Protein Atlas quantitative dataset stained using immunohistochemistry
By constructing protein profiles associated with breast cancer, proteins with altered expression can be identified to further investigate and decipher the complex signaling networks involved in tumorigenicity and cancer progression
Summary
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among females worldwide, as well as a leading cause of mortality. The survival of patients has increased over the past decades due to earlier diagnosis and effective therapies [1]. Cancer biomarkers provide useful information for the prognosis and assessment of cancer treatment. The identification of cancer biomarkers is important for cancer biology and clinical applications. With the development and improvement of high‐throughput biotechnologies, cancer biomarkers can be identified by comparing normal cells with cancer cells through genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic The enriched pathways or functions are the most probable causes of cancer [8,9], and the enriched proteins involved in these processes may in turn serve as target agents in the diagnosis or treatment of cancer
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