Screening and Characterization of Antiglycoxidant Anthocyanins from Vaccinium myrtillus Fruit Using DPPH and Methylglyoxal Pre-Column HPLC Assays.

Didier Fraisse,Catherine Felgines,Alexis Bred,François Senejoux

doi:10.3390/antiox9060512

Didier Fraisse, Catherine Felgines + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060512

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Abstract

Vaccinium myrtillus fruit (bilberry) is well known for its high richness in anthocyanins, which may be responsible for its preventive effects on several oxidative and carbonyl stress-related pathologies. However, limited data are available regarding the antioxidant and antiglycative contributions of its constituents. Spectrometric analyses were performed to evaluate anthocyanin content, radical scavenging and antiglycative properties of an anthocyanin-rich extract from bilberries. Additionally, original DPPH and methylglyoxal pre-column HPLC methods were instigated to allow straightforward identification of the main contributors to radical and carbonyl trapping effects. Finally, representative pure anthocyanins were evaluated using classical DPPH and antiglycation assays. Delphinidin, petunidin and cyanidin glycosides were identified as the most effective radical scavenging constituents in both HPLC and spectrometric DPPH evaluations. Potent antiglycative activities were also assessed for cyanidin, delphinidin and petunidin glucosides as attested by their respective IC50 values of 114.2 ± 7.8, 130.5 ± 2.8, and 132.4 ± 3.7 µM. Interestingly, methylglyoxal spiking evaluation demonstrated that all bilberry anthocyanins exerted noticeable and comparable α-dicarbonyl trapping effects. Anthocyanins can be regarded as potent antiglycoxidant agents that might account for some health benefits of bilberries consumption. Besides, significant differences in their contributions were successfully highlighted by the employed pre-column HPLC assays.

Highlights

Vaccinium myrtillus L. is a low-branched shrub that belongs to the Ericaceae family. known as the European blueberry, this species produces dark blue edible fruits that can be eaten raw or cooked
Considering that anthocyanin constituents are regarded as major contributors to the antioxidant activity and health benefits of bilberries [8], an enriched extract was employed for the present investigation
The studied extract exerted very potent DPPH radical scavenging properties as ascertained by its activity of 3438 ± 129 μM of TE/g of dry extract. Such results are consistent with previous reports highlighting the powerful antioxidant effect of bilberry extracts using DPPH assay and other antioxidant models such as Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) or Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) evaluations [23,24]

Summary

Introduction

Vaccinium myrtillus L. (bilberry) is a low-branched shrub that belongs to the Ericaceae family. known as the European blueberry, this species produces dark blue edible fruits that can be eaten raw or cooked. A large variety of phenolic constituents has been described in V. myrtillus berries. Numerous flavonols including quercetin, myricetin, and isorhamnetin derivatives as well as tannins and phenolic acids have been reported [1,2]. These fruits are considered as one of the most important sources of anthocyanins, with contents ranging from 100 mg to 500 mg per 100 g of fresh weight [3]. It has been demonstrated that such constituents exert a wide range of biological activities including potent radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects [4,5]

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