Screen-printed electrode designed with MXene/doped-polyindole and MWCNT/doped-polyindole for chronoamperometric enzymatic glucose sensor

Abstract

The enzymatic glucose sensors as modified by MXene-dPIn and MWCNT-dPIn on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) were investigated. Herein, MXene was molybdenum carbide (Mo3C2) which has never been utilized and reported for glucose sensors. The biopolymer type to support the enzyme immobilization was examined and compared between chitosan (CHI) and κ-carrageenan (κC). MWCNT-dPIn obviously showed a larger electroactive surface area, lower charge transfer resistance and higher redox current than Mo3C2-dPIn, indicating that MWCNT-dPIn is superior to Mo3C2-dPIn. For the chitosan-based sensors, the sensitivity value of CHI-GOD/Mo3C2-dPIn is 3.53 μA mM−1 cm−2 in the linear range of 2.5–10 mM with the calculated LOD of 1.57 mM. The sensitivity value of CHI-GOD/MWCNT-dPIn is 18.85 μA mM−1 cm−2 in the linear range of 0.5–25 mM with the calculated LOD of 0.115 mM. For the κ-carrageenan based sensors, κC-GOD/MWCNT-dPIn exhibits the sensitivity of 15.80 μA mM−1 cm−2 and the widest linear range from 0.1 to 50 mM with the calculated LOD of 0.03 mM. The presently fabricated sensors exhibit excellent reproducibility, good selectivity, high stability, and disposal use. The fabricated glucose sensors are potential as practical glucose sensors as the detectable glucose ranges well cover the glucose levels found in blood, urine, and sweat for both healthy people and diabetic patients.