Screen media use and sleep disturbance symptom severity in children

Abstract

ObjectivesFew studies have sought to evaluate how screen media use relates to symptoms of sleep-wake disturbances. To extend these prior studies in a large sample of children, this study examined associations of different types of screen media with symptom severity of different classes of sleep-wake disturbances. This study was preregistered here. DesignThis study utilized the baseline cross-sectional survey administered within the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD; Release 2.0). ParticipantsABCD recruited over 11,000 U.S. children age 9–10 across 21 study sites using an epidemiologically-informed school-based recruitment strategy. MeasurementsChildren reported typical weekend and weekday use of TV, video, video game, social media, texting, and video chat, and parents completed reports of the child's symptom severity of sleep-wake disturbances via the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. ResultsGreater screen media use, TV, video, and video game use, was associated with decreased sleep duration, increased sleep onset latency as well as greater excessive sleepiness, insomnia, and overall sleep disturbance symptom severity. Use of these screen medias were also associated with clinically relevant sleep problems. Ethnoracial differences emerged in screen use and sleep, but did not moderate the association between screen use and sleep. ConclusionsGreater use of screen medias was not just associated with longer sleep onset latency and shorter sleep duration, but also increased severity of multiple types of sleep-wake disturbances. Future research should use longitudinal designs to determine the direction of these associations in adolescent populations.