Scour depth dynamics in varied spacing spur dike configurations: A comprehensive analysis

Abstract

Spur dikes, vital for enhancing river ecosystem biodiversity, also contribute to the creation of intricate flow patterns and scour phenomena. In the context of existing research, which predominantly concentrates on single spur dikes, this study stands out by specifically delving into the temporal changes in scour depth near initial spur dike in multiple spur dikes. Varied spacings, lengths and flow velocities are considered in this exploration. After comprehensive literature analysis, it could be asserted that use of multiple spur dikes consistently results in shallower equilibrium scour depths compared to a single spur dike. The study introduces a predictive model by examining the impact of different influencing factors, including spacing, length, and flow velocity, on scour depth.The proposed equation establishes a robust correlation between the observed and estimated scour depth values. The study explores the temporal changes in scour depth, revealing that the time needed to arrive at equilibrium scour depth is drastically reduced when employing multiple spur dikes. Furthermore, the investigation highlights that in multiple spurs in series, the maximum equilibrium scour is lower compared to that in single spur dikes. The model, encompassing various parameters such as flow velocity, spacing, length, and time, demonstrates high predictive accuracy. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the dynamic behaviour of scour at multiple spur dikes and offers a predictive tool for effective riverbank protection and ecosystem management. In doing so it contributes to the overarching aim of achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in river management ecosystem preservation.