Scope of clear aligner therapy (CAT) in Phase I (early) orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Phase I (early) orthodontic treatment is intended to correct developing skeletal, dentoalveolar, and muscular imbalances, and to improve the orofacial environment before the permanent teeth eruption. The orthodontic intervention in mixed dentition provides orthodontist a unique opportunity to apply their reasoning and understanding in addressing an impending malocclusion and avoid or limit the use of Phase II treatment. This paper describes the application of clear aligner therapy (CAT) in growing individuals. The use of clear aligner treatment in addressing early transverse discrepancy (inter- and intra-arch), Class III and Class II malocclusion are discussed in the light of current available evidence, and through case discussion. The authors propose treatment options for the correction of vertical and transverse malocclusion during early and late mixed dentition stage. Furthermore, the barriers and enablers of compliance in Phase I therapy are explored and possible resolutions are discussed. In summary, Phase I orthodontic treatment using CAT lack a large body of credible evidence, nonetheless, it is proving to be an exciting field regarding its sheer scope and expanse.