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Abstract
Radio wave scintillations are rapid fluctuations in both amplitude and phase of signals propagating through the atmosphere. GPS signals can be affected by these disturbances which can lead to a complete loss of lock when the electron density strongly fluctuates around the background ionization level at small spatial scales. This paper will present recent improvements to the theoretical Global Ionospheric Scintillation Model (GISM), particularly tailored for satellite based navigation systems such GPS coupled with Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS). This model has been improved in order to take into account GPS constellation, signals, and receiver response to ionospheric scintillation environments. A new modelling technique, able to describe the scintillation derived modifications of transionospheric propagating fields is shown. Results from GPS derived experimental measurements performed at high and low magnetic latitudes will show preliminary assessments of the scintillation impact on real receivers and system operations. Nevertheless, comparisons between theoretical scintillation models, such as WBMOD and GISM, with GPS derived experimental data will be shown.
Highlights
This paper presents a review of the scintillation problem on satellite to ground links
The GPS signal structure for each satellite consists of a 1023 bit long Pseudo-Random Number (PRN) sequence sent at a rate of 1.023 Mbits/s, i.e. the code repeats every millisecond
WBMOD is a climatological model for ionosphere electron density irregularities coupled with a propagation model able to describe the effects of ionosphere plasma irregularities on transionosphere radio signals (Fremouw et al, 1978)
Summary
This paper presents a review of the scintillation problem on satellite to ground links. For smaller relative fluctuations and values of TEC, this is true for lower frequencies This means that propagation in the ionosphere layer for the frequencies mentioned may be rigorously described in the scope of the complex phase method. This means that at the specified frequencies, the regime of strong scintillation is not normally found inside the ionosphere layer, but may instead be found in the region below where the fields propagate down to the Earth’s surface This permits the complex phase method to be used to properly introduce the random screen below the ionosphere, and to employ the rigorous relationships of the random screen theory to correctly convey the field down to the surface of the Earth. The measurement techniques and detrending algorithms, the receiver transfer function and characterization and the effects of scintillations on positioning errors are addressed in this paper
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