SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE FOR THE KYZYLORDA IRRIGATED LAND EFFICIENCY

Abstract

Irrigated lands of the Syrdarya River are one of the natural zones favorable for the primitive agriculture and having a tremendous sway on the life-sustaining activity of the residential population. The irrigated lands around the given area have completely changed to rice crop rotation, formed in the form of engineering systems. Agriculturedevelopment, food security governance come amid he environmental crisis of the PreAral Sea area. As a result of the decrement of the lower reaches of the Syrdarya River and in the water area of the Aral Sea in its northern part, the area of arid lands has increased to 21,5 thousand km2, and the number of formed lakes has sharply decreased. The natural condition of the SyrdaryaRiver was preserved until 1960; there were 2582 lakes and lake systems in the lower reaches of the river. Presently, only 128 are registered as lakes. Disruption of the ecological balance has an adversely impact on all components of the environment, one of which is the deterioration of soil composition in agriculturally used areas. Soil erosion process, the enlargement of saline lands, the deviation of the agro physical parameters of soil from normal ones and the deterioration of their ameliorative condition are present over the last years. The heightened rates of these processes has led to a ramp-downof crop yields.