Scientific Creativity: Philosophical Aspect

Abstract

The article is devoted to the philosophical study of the phenomenon of scientific creativity. The study is based on a comparative analysis of approaches to creativity and its criteria in classical and non-classical philosophy. The use of a concrete historical approach to studying creativity in different eras allowed considering main approaches to this phenomenon through a comparative analytical method of understanding creativity. It also allows presenting scientific creativity ontological foundations in the various conceptual positions characterized by inter-paradigm nature of research directions. The article considers the main provisions of scientific creativity in the framework of T. Kuhn’s paradigm, I. Lakatos’ research programs, and P. Feyerabend’s concept of subjective creativity. At the present stage of science development, hundreds of thousands of people with different ideological positions, scientific ideas, and ethical values are involved in the implementation of scientific work. Critical rethinking in the dialectical interaction of scientific creativity theories expands the scientific cognitive field and the scientist’s creative abilities. A comparative analysis of approaches to the understanding of scientific creativity and its criteria in classical and non-classical philosophy allowed: identifying rational foundations of creativity, which formed the classical concept of creativity, where it is interpreted from the standpoint of universal categories; studying changes in the understanding of the phenomenon of creativity in a non-classical concept, which are primarily related to the view of reality in its processual, movement, formation; identifying models of creative activity in scientific knowledge; reveal practical aspects of scientific creativity by the example of analytical reading.