Scientific basis of the effect of groundwater sources on annual plant growth in current natural conditions

Abstract

Low groundwater temperatures lead to longer plant growth periods. For example, the growth and development of cotton and grain are delayed by 7-15 days. All this ultimately affects the yield and quality of the agricultural crop and the ripening period of its fruits. In turn, the low-temperature water-air soil environment of the aeration zone does not ensure the timely dissolution of natural and artificial nutrients and fertilizers and does not allow their timely full assimilation by plant root systems. Under such conditions, some of these nutrients sink under the influence of falling currents of cold water and mix with groundwater. On the other hand, a cold aquatic-airy soil environment of 14–18 C° is detrimental to cotton, significantly reduces the rate of growth and development, and exposes it to various diseases. All this ultimately affects the yield and quality of the agricultural crop, and the ripening period of its fruits.