Scientific approaches to the stages of the human life cycle within the successful ageing paradigm

Abstract

Introduction. The improvement of the efficiency of older employees is based on the successful ageing paradigm, i.e. the ability to make up for age-related losses by means of selection, compensation, and optimisation. However, all the players on the labour market face an obstacle in the form of a common stereotype that older people are of ill health, unable to learn, apathetic, and lack motivation. Therefore, the implementation of a strategy for the protection of interests of the elderly in Russia requires studying the stages of the human life cycle with regard to the efficiency of employees. Purpose. The purpose of our study was to provide scientific justification for specifying the stages of the human life cycle and the possibility for older employees to remain efficient. The latter is ensured by the coordination of the organisation’s requirements and individual challenges and demands of the employees. Methodology. In our study, we used historical and logical approach to the analysis of theories suggested by Russian and international scholars, as well as major works and other publications on the topic. The analysis allowed us to determine the essence of the studied phenomenon not restricted by any particular form. We then synthesised the parts and dependencies determined via the analysis of the stages of the human life cycle. Such synthesis allowed us to focus on the development of a basis that can be used to slow down the ageing of human resources and maintain the efficiency of older employees. The other methods used in the study were induction, deduction, analogy, generalisation, comparative analysis, and systems analysis. Results. The article describes a basic research platform for studying the human life cycle, which differentiates between the stages of development, establishment, and deterioration with regard to the ability to perform job functions. It also substantiates the idea of the employee life cycle from the point of view of both employers and employees. The article specifies the three stages of the life cycle and summarises the existing approaches taking into account the new ageing paradigm. Conclusions. A paradigm is a way of perceiving the reality and viewing it as a new norm, which should be controlled, whenever possible. By controlling successful ageing through studying the content, specifics, and dynamics of the stages of the life cycle, we can extend the effective working stage of the human life cycle and ensure a good balance between effective work and private life, which over the years is filled with new sense and new difficulties. I.e. A phenomenon we could call a “sandwich effect”. The scientific approach to the problem allowed us to study both the theoretical basis of successful ageing and the practical side involving the healthcare system, the employer, and the employee.