Abstract
The goal of the paper is to justify ways to achieve maximum radius of extent of grouting mortar in a rock massif and to maximize filling of cavities and cracks with minimal openings. Filling of cavities and cracks directly influences a “massif – roadway – safety structure” system. Some scientific and technical aspects of grouting and injecting inorganic binders into marginal rocks are considered. Advantages of usage of triple plunger pumps in injecting units are determined. The influence of pulsation on a condition and process of grouting mortar extension is justified. It is established that under equal operating conditions, pulsations created by a triple plunger pump reduce mortar viscosity by 15 %, and a radius of extent of mortar based on grouting cements is increased by an average of 12 %, and with usage of very finely dispersed substances – up to 20 %. Suggested recommendations significantly improve the technology of grouting of marginal rocks and concrete structures.
Highlights
Accidental collapse of a rock massif causes a displacement of rocks on a contour of workings, leading to deformation of supports and loss of operating space
Filling of cavities and cracks directly influences a condition of a "massif – roadway – safety structure" system
It is established that pulsations created by a triple plunger pump reduce mortar viscosity by 15 %, and a radius of extent of mortar based on grouting cements is increased by an average of 12 %, and when using very finely dispersed substances – up to 20 % under equal operating conditions
Summary
Accidental collapse of a rock massif causes a displacement of rocks on a contour of workings, leading to deformation of supports and loss of operating space. Management of massif condition is controlled influence on natural occurrence of geomechanical processes around a working via technological and technical methods and means in modern mining terminology. This paper considers only the methods that use cement or cementbased materials: grouting, injection, and shotcreting. Concrete usage is recommended in mining and underground construction in certain conditions as a rational and economical method of support of marginal rocks. Combinations of supports create a geocomposite structure with unique properties in a rock massif. The following grouting technologies are prioritized: surface shotcreting, grouting of area behind supports, and injection during marginal construction or repair works. Creating a monolithic structure of host rocks is one of the main problems of supports of mine workings. Filling of cavities and cracks directly influences a condition of a "massif – roadway – safety structure" system
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