Scientific activity in the field of forensic science is the methodology basis forensic researches under martial law

Abstract

In its essence, research method is a pool of techniques, methods and operations of practical and theoretical actions of person aimed at learning about an object. Foreign scientific schools often do not distinguish between methodology and research methods. Domestic scientific tradition considers methodology as a teaching about scientific method of cognition or as a system of scientific which principles research is based and on which determining totality of its cognitive means, methods and techniques. Another important basis for differentiating methods is the division by the degree of their influence on preservation of objects of forensic examination. The purpose of this work (for which achievement general scientific, separate and special methods are applied) is to investigate the issues of methodology of forensic science, methods and techniques of expert research in the conditions of martial law and global threats related to crimes of Russian aggressor against Ukraine. Analysis of terms and concepts was carried out, their own definitions were proposed and the need to improve the scientific and methodological provisions of forensic expert activity was emphasized. Despite objective problems associated with martial law, scientists and experts of the system of forensic science institutions of Ukraine persistently continue their scientific activities, since specific expertise application in the form of expert conclusion is a guarantee of expert provision of justice in the state. At the same time, solution of forensic examination tasks should be based on a reliable, modern scientific and methodical base requiring scientific research on theoretical and methodological issues. Analysis of regulatory control of accounting of forensic science methods was carried out. According to results of consideration of issues of international cooperation in the field of forensic science during the war, urgent problems were singled out, including involvement of foreign experts in conducting forensic examinations in Ukraine which requires regulatory control in the Law of Ukraine “On Judicial Examination”. The R&D topic of (on the example of National Scientific Center «Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute») related to the challenges of the war was studied that confirmed relevance of issues raised for the modern stage of development of forensic science.