Abstract
This paper represents a diagnosis of the changes going on in scientific professional practice in Africa (south of the Sahara, excluding South Africa). Thefree market approach and economic crisis have led to the dissolution of the national-based research systems, which had been elaborated in the 1960s and 1970s. With institutions disintegrated and their profession in ruins, researchers have been pushed into what became a free market for scientific work. However, this new form of knowledge production is encountering certain limitations. On the initiative of some researchers themselves or world sponsors, some reconstruction is under way. The new fledgling institutions are local or regional, rather than nationally based.
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