Science fiction as a source of realistic description of behavior 
 (based on the short story by Kir Bulychev "I'm dialing a number")

Abstract

The article disputes the assertion of N. Frye and Tz. Todorov that fiction is created only on the basis of fiction. It is reality that is ultimately the source of works of art. Realistic descriptions may be perfectly present in fiction, and most readers intuitively know what description is realistic and what is fantastic one. But this is a rather difficult task for AI. In order to teach AI to understand tests better, it is necessary to investigate how people build their understanding of the information that is not stated in the text clearly. The article describes the method of behavioral analysis of texts and provides an example of the fantastic story analysis. It shows that a significant part of the knowledge about the characters, their state, circumstances and forms of behavior is extracted on the basis of common sense as something taken for granted for a person belonging to the given culture, but not for a representative of another culture or a computer program. The same applies to the difference between real and fantastic events. For AI to understand the meaning of the described events, it is to be able to rely on common sense knowledge, extract common sense judgments, that are appropriate for a current context, and draw appropriate conclusions based on them.