Science, beliefs, sociocultural and economic influences on doctorates in South African universities

Abstract

This paper examines the scientific and non-scientific influences on doctorates in South African universities by analyzing the acknowledgements in their theses. The data was extracted from 5644 PhD theses drawn from four South African universities. Using data-mining techniques, we identified sources of inspiration, targets of dedication and subjects of acknowledgement. The findings show that over 90% of doctoral candidates expressed appreciation to supervisors and other academics and colleagues, as had been found in previous research. We also found that almost half of the sample acknowledged funding agencies, which indicates the strong role of external finance. The spread of academic networks across Africa, North America and Europe was noteworthy. The findings also show the strong role of religious beliefs, as 39% of the theses acknowledged the assistance of God. The figure was as high as 51% in one of the universities and statistically significant across institutions and faculties. Religious beliefs among scientists also confirm previous research in the US, indicating that ‘scientists are still keeping the faith’.