SCHUBERT'S «THE TROUT» IN RUSSIAN POETRY

Abstract

Franz Schubert is one of the well-known western composers in Russian poetry due to the fact that poets have been attracted by his laconic plots, relation to legends, melodramaticism and deep symbolism going beyond historical symbolism. In Russian poetry the small play «The Trout» acquired a meaning different from the composer’s intensions. It began to be understood not as a
 moral tale of caution and temptation and not as a hymn to youth and young feelings, but as a call for freedom of improvisation. The article, based on material from Russian poetry of the XXth century, immigrant and modern poetry, examines the reasons for the bias in the understanding of the play. The article thoroughly analyzes rhetoric of the text «The Trout» and features of its perception in modern and contemporary lyrics. The
 author indicates factors of meaning bias such as a biographical subtext of «The Trout» creation, Schubert’s general image mainly as a romantic composer, an implicit competition between poets lived at the same time for the correct understanding
 of musical rhetoric. The research methods include reconstruction of the composer's reputation in Russian culture, a comparative historical analysis and hermeneutics of a poetic text, and specification of musical allusions. Thanks to the individualization and analysis of the stages found in the transformation of the «The Trout» perception in Russian poetry, it is proved that the musical work perception is associated with a special understanding of media nature like the play brevity, its distribution, the first publication in the newspaper its use in parodies and mass culture has made the author understand «The Trout» as a democratic work with its own media principles. In addition, the
 richness of Schubert’s legendary and ballad plots and the need to artificially build Schubert’s world within a short lyrical work have turned «The Trout» into an exemplary key of the plot. The ballad starts to be interpreted through poetic form as the opposite to the work with morality; musical intonation is understood
 as a gesture of gaining freedom contrary to the literal content of the ballad.