SCHOOLS AND MẬBEDS AS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF NON-MUSLIMS IN ANATOLIA IN THE XIIIth CENTURY

Abstract

In XIIIth century, after the 1071 Battle of Mangizert, Kutalmışoğlu Suleymanshah’ leadership of the organization has been largely realized in Anatolia (Turkey) that a century Anatolian Seljuk Empire's domination continued. So much so that the first half of the century in question gives the image of Anatolia where a Seljuk rule was established, while the second half is an Anatolia where Turkish political unity and the authority of the Anatolian Seljuk State disappeared as a result of the Babais’ Revolt in 1239 and the Kösedağ Wars in 1243, where confusion, chaos and instability prevailed. gives the image. In this century, when the Anatolian Seljuk domination basically existed in small regional political structures known as the principalities in some places and which we see that they reached more than twenty large and small political structures, in Anatolia, besides Muslim subjects, there were also a considerable number of non-Muslim subjects and We see that Muslim Turks, who have been around two hundred years after their arrival, and these subjects live together. In addition to being in political structures, the educational activities of these subjects, who are seen to be in a religious, economic and socio-cultural fusion with Muslims, also take an important place in socio-cultural life. Here in this study; the institutions that have an important place in the education and training activities of Christian and Jewish subjects such as Greek and Armenian living in Anatolia in the XIIIth century are discussed. The subject of education, which is tried to be evaluated in terms of schools and mậbeds serving as schools, has been addressed by making use of the sources of the period and modern sources written in parallel with these sources.