Abstract
In accordance with data from the labor market formation (nearest past) in Kazakhstan, the prevalence of some jobs over the others can be put into the question. However, the following hypothesis might be stated in advance: do high school students possess a clear vision of current labor market conditions and make their choice consciously with the help of objective information? Judging by the first glance, the hypothesis might be proven false, therefore, a deeper research with respect to both theoretical and empirical evidence is to be analyzed, as is discussed below.Firstly, it should be taken into account, that the question of self-determination has been put into question by various researchers, however, the area remains largely understudied. For example, according to Wrigth, a larger share of schoolchildren demonstrates a tendency towards changing a major for one or more times, however, the explanatory causes of such behavior have been largely uncertain (Wrigth, 2018). It should be noted, that such behavior can be also attributed to Kazakhstan situation, which has further consequences of inappropriate labor market performance. Therefore, the intention of this article is to analyze the situation of schoolchildren determination in Kazakhstan, and to propose potential areas of development. Further, the intention is an attempt to improve the life outcomes of schoolchildren and students via investigation of such factors as major and occupation selection, most important motives and potential outcomes, that could be eventually used for social development, such as higher information policies, enhancement of school and university administration and schoolchildren decisions
Highlights
A number of factors, that could potentially affect decisions made by schoolchildren regarding their major and further labor market activity, are to be identified and taken into account when designing a project
Certain factors are important to choose a major. They can be divided into endogenous and exogenous (Figure 1 and Figure 2)
It can be assumed that the hypothesis about insufficient information provided for the schoolchildren is one of the main factors that describes the inefficiency of major choice made by schoolchildren
Summary
A number of factors, that could potentially affect decisions made by schoolchildren regarding their major and further labor market activity, are to be identified and taken into account when designing a project. It can be hypothesized, that schoolchildren have imperfect information about university majors and labor market structure, which leads to inefficiencies in labor market itself. This article intends to examine major choice by schoolchildren through the following four research questions: Which factors affect a decision making process for schoolchildren, put how they make a choice of their major and labor market positioning?. This article synthesizes findings from all of the research efforts to develop policy implications that can inform schools and universities seeking to ease the major selection process and help schoolchildren make better major choices, potentially helping them graduate more quickly and at a higher rate, and, eventually, find an occupation that suits them in the mostly favorable way
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