Abstract
We aimed to determine the prevalence and possible ethnic variations in strabismus and amblyopia among multiethnic school-aged children in rural China. A total of 9,263 children (4,347 Han, 3,352 Yi, 799 Dai and 765 Bai) aged 6 to 14 years were analyzed. Comprehensive eye examinations including monocular distance visual acuity, anterior segment examination, autorefraction, cover testing and ocular motility were conducted. Manifested strabismus was detected in 3.53% of the overall population. The prevalence of strabismus was 3.29% in Han, 4.12% in Yi, 2.25% in Dai, and 3.66% in Bai ethnic groups with marginally inter-ethnic differences (P = 0.046). There was an increasing trend in the prevalence of strabismus with increasing age (P < 0.001). Amblyopia affected 132 children (1.43%) overall, with no statistical differences in gender and age. The prevalence of amblyopia was highest in Dai ethnic group (2.00%) and lowest in ethnic Yi ethnic group (1.04%) with no significant difference being detected (P = 0.062). Refractive error and strabismus were the two major factors associated with amblyopia. No significant ethnic differences in strabismus and amblyopia among Chinese ethnic minorities were observed. Refractive error and strabismus were the major causes for amblyopia in rural Chinese children.
Highlights
We aimed to determine the prevalence and possible ethnic variations in strabismus and amblyopia among multiethnic school-aged children in rural China
On the basis of the comprehensive eye examinations of 9,263 subjects, manifest strabismus was detected in 327 children [3.53%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 3.15–3.91%], including 143 Han, 138 Yi, and 18 Dai and 28 Bai children, with corresponding prevalence rates of 3.29%, 4.12%, 2.25%, and 3.66%, respectively
This study provides new school-based data on the prevalence and ethnic variations in strabismus and amblyopia in multiethnic school-aged children in rural China
Summary
We aimed to determine the prevalence and possible ethnic variations in strabismus and amblyopia among multiethnic school-aged children in rural China. Refractive error and strabismus were the major causes for amblyopia in rural. Amblyopia and strabismus are two major childhood-onset ocular disorders exerting persistent negative effects on visual and binocular function development. The condition is identified as a common cause of amblyopia in children, presenting significant psychosocial and psychosocial consequences followed by adverse effects on binocularity, stereopsis, and depth of perception[1,2]. Epidemiologic studies on strabismus and amblyopia in preschool and school-aged populations have been widely carried out in recent decades including the Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study (MEPEDS)[5,6]; the Baltimore Pediatric Eye Disease Study[7]; the Strabismus, Amblyopia, and Refractive Error in Singaporean
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